{"id":9742,"date":"2015-10-21T23:14:04","date_gmt":"2015-10-21T23:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sitemandev.wpengine.com\/?page_id=9742"},"modified":"2021-06-07T09:42:39","modified_gmt":"2021-06-07T14:42:39","slug":"dieta","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/es\/prevencion\/factores-de-riesgo\/dieta\/","title":{"rendered":"Dieta"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"parent":1937,"menu_order":140,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-left-nav.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-9742","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout-content","class":"","content":"<p>Cuando se trata de c\u00e1ncer, hay pocos temas tan importantes como la dieta. Una b\u00fasqueda r\u00e1pida de \u201cdieta y c\u00e1ncer\u201d s\u00f3lo en Google News arroja m\u00e1s de 3 millones de historias. Y, sin embargo, por muy grandes que sean estas cifras, no captan plenamente la pasi\u00f3n que muchas personas sienten por el v\u00ednculo entre alimentos y c\u00e1ncer. Hay algo especial, incluso elemental, en garantizar que los alimentos que comemos sean lo m\u00e1s seguros y saludables posible, para nosotros y nuestros seres queridos.<\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, por muy motivada que est\u00e9 la gente para elegir alimentos saludables, existen muchas se\u00f1ales contradictorias sobre qu\u00e9 comer para reducir el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer. Las revistas y los sitios web a menudo promocionan \u201csuperalimentos\u201d y \u201cantic\u00e1ncer\u201d que rara vez coinciden con las recomendaciones oficiales de alimentaci\u00f3n, e incluso estas recomendaciones oficiales parecen cambiar mes a mes con la publicaci\u00f3n de resultados de estudios nuevos (y a menudo aparentemente contradictorios).<\/p>\n<p>Tratar de decidir qu\u00e9 comer puede ser un ejercicio de frustraci\u00f3n, un sentimiento captado perfectamente en los hallazgos de un art\u00edculo de 2007 sobre las creencias p\u00fablicas sobre la prevenci\u00f3n del c\u00e1ncer. En esta encuesta de muestra nacional, m\u00e1s del 70 por ciento de los encuestados estuvo de acuerdo con la afirmaci\u00f3n de que \u201chubo tantas recomendaciones sobre la prevenci\u00f3n del c\u00e1ncer que es dif\u00edcil saber cu\u00e1les seguir\u201d (1).<\/p>\n<p>La realidad, sin embargo, es que cuando se analizan en conjunto todas las pruebas sobre los v\u00ednculos entre la dieta y el c\u00e1ncer, salen a la superficie mensajes claros y simples. Estos mensajes no contienen \u201csuperalimentos\u201d ni \u201cantic\u00e1ncer\u201d y, por lo tanto, es posible que no siempre aparezcan en los titulares. Pero lo que les puede faltar en los titulares, lo compensan con creces con recomendaciones basadas en ciencia s\u00f3lida. Y eso es realmente lo que importa.<\/p>\n<h2>Cuidado con las calorias<\/h2>\n<p>Las vemos enumeradas en todas partes y, en cierto modo, nos hemos acostumbrado a ellas, pero las calor\u00edas realmente importan cuando se trata de riesgo de c\u00e1ncer. De hecho, probablemente sean el aspecto m\u00e1s importante de la dieta cuando se trata de prevenir el c\u00e1ncer. Comer demasiado constantemente puede provocar problemas de peso. Y, entre otros riesgos para la salud, la obesidad es un factor de riesgo establecido para al menos ocho tipos de c\u00e1ncer diferentes y es responsable de 120 000 casos cada a\u00f1o en los Estados Unidos (2, 3).<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1s de dos tercios de la naci\u00f3n tiene sobrepeso (IMC 25 \u2013 29,9) u obesidad (IMC 30 o m\u00e1s), y los estudios demuestran consistentemente que las personas tienen dificultades para reconocer si ellos (o sus hijos) tienen un peso no saludable.  Si a esto le sumamos los estilos de vida cada vez m\u00e1s sedentarios que acompa\u00f1an a la sociedad moderna, se necesita un esfuerzo concertado por parte de la mayor\u00eda de las personas para moderar las calor\u00edas y mantener el peso bajo control a lo largo de sus vidas (4). Estos sencillos consejos pueden ayudar a mantener las calor\u00edas y el peso bajo control:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Evite las bebidas azucaradas, como los refrescos, las bebidas energ\u00e9ticas y las bebidas deportivas. Incluso el jugo 100% debe consumirse en peque\u00f1as cantidades cada d\u00eda.<\/li>\n<li>Conc\u00e9ntrese en comer principalmente alimentos de origen vegetal, como cereales integrales, frutas y verduras.<\/li>\n<li>Sea un comedor m\u00e1s consciente. Comience con porciones m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as, coma lentamente y trate de comer s\u00f3lo cuando tenga mucha hambre.<\/li>\n<li>Incluya la actividad f\u00edsica en cada d\u00eda. Casi siempre m\u00e1s es mejor, pero cualquier cantidad es mejor que nada.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00e9sese la mayor\u00eda de los d\u00edas. Es f\u00e1cil, mantiene a raya el aumento de peso inesperado y le ayuda a realizar ajustes oportunos en la dieta y la actividad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Limitar la comida de los animales.<\/h2>\n<p>No es necesario que sea completamente vegetariano, a menos que as\u00ed lo desee, pero hay datos convincentes de que comer menos alimentos de origen animal puede reducir el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de colon, c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata y posiblemente c\u00e1ncer de mama (5-7). Trate de comer menos de tres porciones de carne roja o procesada cada semana y elija m\u00e1s fuentes de prote\u00ednas y grasas de origen vegetal, como nueces, frijoles y verduras.<\/p>\n<h2>Conc\u00e9ntrese en frutas, verduras y cereales integrales.<\/h2>\n<p>Los datos que relacionan las frutas y verduras en su conjunto con un menor riesgo de c\u00e1ncer no son tan s\u00f3lidos como se podr\u00eda pensar, pero todav\u00eda hay muchas razones convincentes para comer m\u00e1s alimentos de origen vegetal cuando se analizan los c\u00e1nceres individuales y los alimentos espec\u00edficos (4 , 8). Por ejemplo, se ha demostrado que las dietas ricas en frutas y verduras reducen el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de pulm\u00f3n. Se ha demostrado que los tomates y los alimentos a base de tomate reducen el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata (8).  Las dietas con una carga gluc\u00e9mica baja, que normalmente contienen menos cereales y az\u00facares refinados, reducen el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de endometrio (9). Y las dietas ricas en fibra pueden reducir el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de colon (5).  Cada vez hay m\u00e1s datos que sugieren que comer mayores cantidades de prote\u00edna vegetal en los j\u00f3venes (de fuentes como soja, nueces y verduras) puede mejorar la salud mamaria y reducir el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de mama en adultos (10).   Intente consumir al menos cinco porciones de frutas y verduras al d\u00eda, y al menos tres porciones de cereales integrales. Mantenga los cereales refinados (como el pan blanco y el arroz blanco) al m\u00ednimo.<\/p>\n<h2>Beba alcohol con moderaci\u00f3n, si es que lo hace.<\/h2>\n<p>A menudo se pierden en los mensajes sobre los beneficios del consumo moderado de alcohol para la salud card\u00edaca los riesgos de c\u00e1ncer relacionados. Se ha demostrado que el consumo moderado de alcohol aumenta el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de colon, y solo unas pocas bebidas a la semana aumentan el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de mama (5). Beber en la juventud y en la edad adulta temprana parece particularmente peligroso para el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de mama en la edad adulta (figura) (11).<\/p>\n<p>Los adultos mayores que probablemente se beneficiar\u00e1n de los beneficios para la salud del coraz\u00f3n del consumo moderado de alcohol (menos de un trago al d\u00eda para las mujeres y menos de dos para los hombres) probablemente no necesiten dejar de beber. Sin embargo, los adultos que no beben no deber\u00edan sentir la necesidad de empezar a hacerlo. Sin decirlo, los j\u00f3venes deben evitar por completo el alcohol, y los adultos en edad universitaria deben minimizar el consumo de alcohol y evitar el consumo excesivo de alcohol, lo que puede provocar problemas con el consumo de alcohol y otras conductas de riesgo.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-1984\" src=\"https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol-1024x723.jpg\" alt=\"riesgo_de_c\u00e1ncer_de_mama_y_alcohol\" width=\"640\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol-1024x723.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Considere un multivitam\u00ednico diario<\/h2>\n<p>Aunque sigue siendo un tema de debate, un multivitam\u00ednico diario es una p\u00f3liza de seguro nutricional barata y potencialmente poderosa (4). Cuando se agregan a una dieta saludable, las vitaminas y minerales en un multivitam\u00ednico diario pueden brindar protecci\u00f3n adicional contra una serie de enfermedades cr\u00f3nicas, incluido el c\u00e1ncer. En estudios clave se ha descubierto que el calcio y la vitamina D reducen el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de colon. El folato tambi\u00e9n puede reducir el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer de colon, as\u00ed como tambi\u00e9n reducir el riesgo excesivo de c\u00e1ncer de mama en mujeres que beben alcohol con regularidad (12, 13).  Elija un multivitam\u00ednico de valor diario (DV) 100% simple y evite las \u201cmega\u201d vitaminas.<\/p>\n<h2>la l\u00ednea de fondo<\/h2>\n<p>Los alimentos que comemos pueden tener un impacto importante en el riesgo de c\u00e1ncer. Los objetivos clave son controlar las calor\u00edas, comer m\u00e1s alimentos de origen vegetal, limitar las carnes rojas y procesadas y evitar el exceso de alcohol. Un multivitam\u00ednico 100% DV diario puede ser una buena p\u00f3liza de seguro nutricional.<\/p>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout-accordion","entry":[{"title":"References","content":"<ol>\n<li>Niederdeppe J, Levy AG. Fatalistic beliefs about cancer prevention and three prevention behaviors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16(5):998-1003. Epub 2007\/05\/18. doi: 10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0608. PubMed PMID: 17507628.<\/li>\n<li>American Institute for Cancer Research. Updated Estimate on Obesity-Related Cancers 2014 [June 2014]. Available from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aicr.org\/cancer-research-update\/2014\/march_19\/cru-updated-estimate-on-obesity-related-cancers.html\">http:\/\/www.aicr.org\/cancer-research-update\/2014\/march_19\/cru-updated-estimate-on-obesity-related-cancers.html<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, Heller RF, Zwahlen M. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet. 2008;371(9612):569-78. Epub 2008\/02\/19. doi: S0140-6736(08)60269-X [pii] 10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60269-X. PubMed PMID: 18280327.<\/li>\n<li>Willett WC, Stampfer MJ. Current evidence on healthy eating. Annu Rev Public Health. 2013;34:77-95. Epub 2013\/01\/10. doi: 10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031811-124646. PubMed PMID: 23297654.<\/li>\n<li>World Cancer Research Fund \/ American Institute for Cancer Research. Continuous Update Project Report. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Cancers or the Colon and Rectum2011.<\/li>\n<li>Michaud DS, Augustsson K, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Willet WC, Giovannucci E. A prospective study on intake of animal products and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12(6):557-67. Epub 2001\/08\/25. PubMed PMID: 11519764.<\/li>\n<li>Colditz GA, Bohlke K, Berkey CS. Breast cancer risk accumulation starts early: prevention must also. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014;145(3):567-79. Epub 2014\/05\/14. doi: 10.1007\/s10549-014-2993-8. PubMed PMID: 24820413; PMCID: 4079839.<\/li>\n<li>World Cancer Research Fund\/American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective. 2007.<\/li>\n<li>World Cancer Research Fund \/ American Institute for Cancer Research. Continuous Update Project Report. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Endometrial Cancer2013.<\/li>\n<li>Berkey CS, Willett WC, Tamimi RM, Rosner B, Frazier AL, Colditz GA. Vegetable protein and vegetable fat intakes in pre-adolescent and adolescent girls, and risk for benign breast disease in young women. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013;141(2):299-306. Epub 2013\/09\/18. doi: 10.1007\/s10549-013-2686-8. PubMed PMID: 24043428; PMCID: 3903425.<\/li>\n<li>Liu Y, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Berkey CS, Collins LC, Schnitt SJ, Connolly JL, Chen WY, Willett WC, Tamimi RM. Alcohol intake between menarche and first pregnancy: a prospective study of breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105(20):1571-8. Epub 2013\/08\/30. doi: 10.1093\/jnci\/djt213. PubMed PMID: 23985142; PMCID: 3797023.<\/li>\n<li>Zhang S, Hunter DJ, Hankinson SE, Giovannucci EL, Rosner BA, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC. A prospective study of folate intake and the risk of breast cancer. JAMA. 1999;281(17):1632-7. Epub 1999\/05\/11. doi: joc81167 [pii]. PubMed PMID: 10235158.<\/li>\n<li>Zhang SM, Willett WC, Selhub J, Hunter DJ, Giovannucci EL, Holmes MD, Colditz GA, Hankinson SE. Plasma folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, homocysteine, and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003;95(5):373-80. PubMed PMID: 12618502.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n"}]}],"custom_page_title":"","hide_right_sidebar":false,"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<p>When it comes to cancer, there are few topics as supercharged as diet. A quick search of \u201cdiet and cancer\u201d in Google News alone returns over 3 million stories.\u00a0 And yet, however large these numbers are, they don\u2019t fully capture the passion that many people feel about the food\/cancer link.\u00a0 There\u2019s something special, elemental even, about making sure the food we eat is as safe and as healthy as possible \u2013 for us and for our loved ones.<\/p>\n<p>Yet, however motivated people are to make healthy food choices, there are a lot of mixed signals out there on what to eat to lower cancer risk. Magazines and websites often tout \u201csuperfoods\u201d and \u201ccancer-busters\u201d that rarely match up with official eating recommendations, and even these official recommendations seem to change month to month with the release of new \u2013 and often seemingly contradictory \u2013 study results.<\/p>\n<p>Trying to decide what to eat can be an exercise in frustration, a sentiment captured perfectly in findings from a 2007 paper on public beliefs about cancer prevention.\u00a0 In this national sample survey, over 70 percent of respondents agreed with the statement that \u201cthere were so many recommendations about preventing cancer that it\u2019s hard to know which ones to follow\u201d (1).<\/p>\n<p>The reality, though, is that when all the evidence on the links between diet and cancer are looked at together, clear and simple messages rise to the surface.\u00a0 These messages contain no \u201csuperfoods\u201d or \u201ccancer-busters\u201d and, so, may not always lead the headlines.\u00a0 But what they may lack in headline-grabbing flash, they more than make up for by being recommendations based in solid science.\u00a0 And that\u2019s really what matters.<\/p>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"Watch the calories","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<h2>Watch the calories<\/h2>\n<p>We see them listed everywhere and so have become inured to them in a way, but calories really matter when it comes to cancer risk.\u00a0 In fact, they\u2019re probably the single most important aspect of diet when it comes to preventing cancer.\u00a0 Consistently eating too much can lead to weight problems. And, among other health risks, obesity is an established risk factor for at least eight different cancers and is responsible for 120,000 cases each year in the United States (2, 3).<\/p>\n<p>Over two-thirds of the nation is either overweight (BMI 25 \u2013 29.9) or obese (BMI 30 or over), and studies consistently demonstrate that people have difficulty recognizing if they \u2013 or their children \u2013 are an unhealthy weight.\u00a0\u00a0 Add to this the increasingly sedentary lifestyles that go along with modern society, and it takes a concerted effort by most people to moderate calories and keep weight in check over the course of their lives (4). These simple tips can help keep calories and weight in control:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Avoid sugary drinks, like sodas, energy drinks, and sports drinks. Even 100% juice should be kept to small amounts each day.<\/li>\n<li>Focus on eating mostly plant-based foods, like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.<\/li>\n<li>Be a more mindful eater. Start with smaller portions, eat slowly, and try to eat only when truly hungry.<\/li>\n<li>Fit physical activity into each day. More is almost always better, but any amount is better than none.<\/li>\n<li>Weigh your self on most days. It\u2019s easy, keeps surprise weight gain at bay, and helps you make diet\/activity adjustments in a timely manner.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"Limit food from animals","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<h2>Limit food from animals<\/h2>\n<p>You don\u2019t need to go full vegetarian \u2013 unless you want to \u2013 but there\u2019s compelling data that eating fewer animal-based foods can lower the risk of colon cancer, prostate cancer, and possibly breast cancer (5-7). Try to eat fewer than three servings of red or processed meat each week, and choose more plant-based sources of protein and fat, like nuts, beans, and vegetables.<\/p>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"Focus on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<h2>Focus on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains<\/h2>\n<p>The data linking fruits and vegetables as a whole with lower cancer risk aren\u2019t as strong as you might think, but there are still a lot of compelling reasons to eat more plant-based foods when you look at individual cancers and specific foods (4, 8).\u00a0 For example, diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been shown to lower lung cancer risk.\u00a0 Tomatoes and tomato-based foods have been shown to lower the risk of prostate cancer (8). \u00a0Diets with a low glycemic load \u2013 which typically have fewer refined grains and sugars \u2013 lower the risk of endometrial cancer (9).\u00a0 And diets high in fiber can lower the risk of colon cancer (5). \u00a0Growing data also suggest that eating higher amounts of vegetable protein in youth (from sources like soy, nuts, and vegetables) may improve breast health and lower the risk of adult breast cancer (10). \u00a0\u00a0Shoot for at least five servings of fruits and vegetables each day, and at least three servings of whole grains.\u00a0 Keep refined grains (like white bread and white rice) to a minimum.<\/p>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"\u202aDrink alcohol in moderation, if at all","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<h2>\u202aDrink alcohol in moderation, if at all\u2028\u202a<\/h2>\n<p>Often lost in the messages about the heart-health benefits of moderate drinking are its related cancer risks.\u00a0 Moderate alcohol intake has been shown to increase the risk of colon cancer, with just a few drinks a week increasing breast cancer risk (5).\u00a0 Drinking in youth and young adulthood seems particular hazardous for later adult breast cancer risk (figure) (11).<\/p>\n<p>Older adults who likely stand to benefit from the heart-health benefits of moderate drinking (less than one drink a day for women and less than two for men) probably don\u2019t need to stop drinking.\u00a0 Those adults who don\u2019t drink, though, shouldn\u2019t feel the need to start. Without saying, youth should completely avoid alcohol, and college-aged adults should minimize alcohol and avoid binge drinking, which can lead to problem drinking and other risky behaviors.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1984 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol-1024x723.jpg\" alt=\"breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol\" width=\"640\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol-1024x723.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/siteman.wustl.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/breast_cancer_risk_and_alcohol.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"Consider a daily multivitamin","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<h2>Consider a daily multivitamin<\/h2>\n<p>Though it remains a topic of debate, a daily multivitamin is a cheap and potentially powerful nutrition insurance policy (4).\u00a0 When added on top of a healthy diet, the vitamins and minerals in a daily multivitamin may provide added protection against a number of chronic diseases, including cancer. Calcium and vitamin D have been found in key studies to lower the risk of colon cancer. Folate may also lower colon cancer risk, as well as lower the excess risk of breast cancer in women who regularly drink alcohol (12, 13).\u00a0 \u00a0Choose a simple 100% Daily Value (DV) multivitamin, and avoid \u201cmega\u201d vitamins.<\/p>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"The bottom line","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<h2>\u202aThe bottom line<\/h2>\n<p>The food we eat can have an important impact on cancer risk.\u00a0 Key goals are to keep calories in check, eat more plant-based foods, limit red and processed meats, and avoid too much alcohol.\u00a0 A daily 100% DV multivitamin can be a good nutrition insurance policy.<\/p>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"wysiwyg_content","section_title":"References","basic_wysiwyg_alignment_options":"left-align","basic_wysiwyg_background":"white","basic_wysiwyg_stackable":[],"basic_wysiwyg_fullwidth":[],"basic_wysiwyg_content":"<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Niederdeppe J, Levy AG. Fatalistic beliefs about cancer prevention and three prevention behaviors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16(5):998-1003. Epub 2007\/05\/18. doi: 10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0608. PubMed PMID: 17507628.<\/li>\n<li>American Institute for Cancer Research. Updated Estimate on Obesity-Related Cancers 2014 [June 2014]. Available from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aicr.org\/cancer-research-update\/2014\/march_19\/cru-updated-estimate-on-obesity-related-cancers.html\">http:\/\/www.aicr.org\/cancer-research-update\/2014\/march_19\/cru-updated-estimate-on-obesity-related-cancers.html<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, Heller RF, Zwahlen M. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet. 2008;371(9612):569-78. Epub 2008\/02\/19. doi: S0140-6736(08)60269-X [pii] 10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60269-X. PubMed PMID: 18280327.<\/li>\n<li>Willett WC, Stampfer MJ. Current evidence on healthy eating. Annu Rev Public Health. 2013;34:77-95. Epub 2013\/01\/10. doi: 10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031811-124646. PubMed PMID: 23297654.<\/li>\n<li>World Cancer Research Fund \/ American Institute for Cancer Research. Continuous Update Project Report. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Cancers or the Colon and Rectum2011.<\/li>\n<li>Michaud DS, Augustsson K, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Willet WC, Giovannucci E. A prospective study on intake of animal products and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12(6):557-67. Epub 2001\/08\/25. PubMed PMID: 11519764.<\/li>\n<li>Colditz GA, Bohlke K, Berkey CS. Breast cancer risk accumulation starts early: prevention must also. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014;145(3):567-79. Epub 2014\/05\/14. doi: 10.1007\/s10549-014-2993-8. PubMed PMID: 24820413; PMCID: 4079839.<\/li>\n<li>World Cancer Research Fund\/American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective. 2007.<\/li>\n<li>World Cancer Research Fund \/ American Institute for Cancer Research. Continuous Update Project Report. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Endometrial Cancer2013.<\/li>\n<li>Berkey CS, Willett WC, Tamimi RM, Rosner B, Frazier AL, Colditz GA. Vegetable protein and vegetable fat intakes in pre-adolescent and adolescent girls, and risk for benign breast disease in young women. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013;141(2):299-306. Epub 2013\/09\/18. doi: 10.1007\/s10549-013-2686-8. PubMed PMID: 24043428; PMCID: 3903425.<\/li>\n<li>Liu Y, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Berkey CS, Collins LC, Schnitt SJ, Connolly JL, Chen WY, Willett WC, Tamimi RM. Alcohol intake between menarche and first pregnancy: a prospective study of breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105(20):1571-8. Epub 2013\/08\/30. doi: 10.1093\/jnci\/djt213. PubMed PMID: 23985142; PMCID: 3797023.<\/li>\n<li>Zhang S, Hunter DJ, Hankinson SE, Giovannucci EL, Rosner BA, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC. A prospective study of folate intake and the risk of breast cancer. JAMA. 1999;281(17):1632-7. Epub 1999\/05\/11. doi: joc81167 [pii]. PubMed PMID: 10235158.<\/li>\n<li>Zhang SM, Willett WC, Selhub J, Hunter DJ, Giovannucci EL, Holmes MD, Colditz GA, Hankinson SE. Plasma folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, homocysteine, and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003;95(5):373-80. PubMed PMID: 12618502.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n"}],"exlude_from_left_sidebar":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Diet - Risk Factors - Siteman Cancer Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Diet is a critical factor in cancer prevention. 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